CHAPTER 2 WHOLE NUMBERS
NATURAL NUMBERS All numbers starting from 1 are called natural numbers. PREDECESSOR AND SUCCESSOR Subtracting 1 from a number gives its predecessor. Adding 1 to a number gives its successor. Note that 1, as a natural number, does not have a predecessor. WHOLE NUMBERS All the numbers from 0, 1, 2… are called whole numbers. THE NUMBER LINE Arranging the numbers on a line such that they are in an increasing order from left to right, having equal distance between them, forms a number line. The distance between 0 and 1 is called ‘unit’ distance. ADDITION USING NUMBER LINE Consider 4+2. Start from 4 and make 2 jumps to the right. You get 6. And 4=2=6. Therefore, to add, you move to the right. SUBTRACTION USING NUMBER LINE Consider 4-2. Start from 4 and make 2 jumps to the left. You get 2. And 4-2=2 MULTIPLAICATION USING NUMBER LINE Again, consider 4x2. Start from 0 and move 4 units at a time to the right. Make 2 such moves and you’ll reach 8. And 4x2=8 PROPERTIES OF WHOLE NUMBERS
5x7= 7x5= 35
(2x5) x4= 2x (5x4)= 40
NOTE: Division by zero is not defined.
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